90 km long, 17 km wide asymmetric dome trending northeast and extending from southwest of Hastings to northeast of the Mohaka River ⦠Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand This is an e⦠Barrells located in prominent places were kept filled for householders who collected water in jugs and buckets (Shaw & Hallett, 1987). It lasted for 2 and a half minutes and measured 7.8 on the Richter scale. A huge piece of land that . Dec 12, 2013 - Highlights from the Photographic Collection of the 1931 Hawke's Bay Earthquake. Buildings swayed violently, and their walls bulged and collapsed into the streets in avalanches of brick and masonry that crushed vehicles and people. Consequently, many businessmen, already bound by heavy pre-quake mortgages found themselves unable to rebuild (McGregor, 1998). At 7.00 a.m. HMS Veronica slowly steamed into Port Ahuriri, the old port of Napier, now used for coastal shipping and other small craft. See more ideas about Earthquake, Hawke's bay, Bay. Quite the same Wikipedia. Shelley and Ursula stand in front of land that used to be a lagoon until it was uplifted during the 1931 Napier earthquake. From these shops the fire spread into adjoining buildings, and by mid afternoon, the town was completely ablaze. were feeling New Zealandâs worst earthquake at 7.8 on the Richter scale. Napier is a popular tourist city, with a unique concentration of 1930s Art Deco architecture, built after much of the city was razed in the 1931 Hawke's Bay earthquake. We have 8 articles, related to Deadly Hawke's Bay earthquake. Ten days later, a huge 7.3 aftershock caused more damage. Napier Earthquake 1931 The Napier earthquake occurred at 10:47am on Tuesday, 3 February 1931. Just days before the opening of Tin Town, retired magistrate John S. Barton and retired engineer Lachlan B. Campbell, formerly of the Public Works Department, were appointed Commissioners of Napier with the task of restoring services (Wright, 2001). On this calm Tuesday morning in Hawke's Bay, the region was rocked by a devastating 7.8 magnitude earthquake that violently shook for three minutes. Small service lanes running "up the back of city blocks" (NCC 138) provided off-street loading zones and a location for "sewers and stormwater services" (ibid.). On February 3, 1931 the peaceful tranquillity of New Zealand's Hawkes Bay region was shattered when the area was struck by the worst earthquake ⦠Apparently she, along with the rest of the staff and customers, successfully evacuated the shop during or immediately after the first major shock. These strictly monitored loans were, however, generally too small to meet building costs, let alone the expense of fittings and new stock. When the earthquake, measuring 7.8 on the Richter scale, struck at 10.47 a.m., many buildings in central Napier and Hastings collapsed. The city was rebuilt in art deco style â now a major tourist drawcard. Kitchens were set up at the Hastings Street, Marine Parade (for government officials only) and the Ahuriri Centres (Wright, 2001). Residential kerbside rubbish collections are changing. At 10.47am, 85 years ago today (3 February 1931) a 7.8 magnitude earthquake struck the bustling city of Napier, and surrounding areas, in Hawke's Bay. Information contained has been assembled in good faith. How big and how long did the earthquake last for? Letter from Frank Logan to Newcastle post the earthquake. Many of the deaths were caused by fallen parapets and ornamental features as people rushed out through the doorways onto the street (McGregor, 1998). The Napier Earthquake Of 1931 The Napier Earthquake of 1931.Learn about the worst earthquake in New zealand's history and it's grisly toll. The official toll for the Hawke's Bay earthquake was 256 dead (including 162 in Napier), 2 unaccounted for, and 400 hospitalised (McGregor, 1998). A member of a well known Newcastle family, Mr. Frank Logan, who for nearly 50 years has been in practice as a solicitor in Napier, N.Z., is among the sufferers by the recent earthquake disaster. The convoy was comprised of 4 officers and 27 men with 500 bell tents, 12,680 blankets, and equipment to set up a field kitchen able to cater for 1000 people in Nelson Park. NAPIER EARTHQUAKE 1931. Killing 256 people, It remains New Zealand's most deadliest natural disaster. People ran down It also has one of the most photographed tourist attractions in the country, a statue on Marine Parade called Pania of the Reef . Some of the greatest tragedies occurred as a result of collapsed masonry buildings - brick being the deadliest of materials in an earthquake - resulting in many deaths inside the Nurses' Home on the Hill, the 'old people's home', and the Technical College near Clive Square where 9 pupils were killed (H.B. Captain Morgan at first thought there had been an explosion on the boat, but saw the wharf shaking and houses and other buildings crumbling down. Power and telephone lines were also placed underground in a bid to improve the town's appearance (Campbell, 1975). Land movement in many areas had rendered survey pegs meaningless, and consequently, new regulations under the Hawke's Bay Earthquake Act were gazetted on 23 June 1932. The official death toll for the Hawke’s Bay earthquake is 256 (161 in Napier, 93 in Hastings, two in Wairoa). A special reporter sent by the New Zealand Herald on the day of the earthquake reached Napier at night to find "a city of the dead, except for the glow of a land fire, and the lights of ships" (NZH quoted in Wright, 2001:83). the earth heaved upwards and swayed (McGregor, 1998). On 8 April The Hawke's Bay Earthquake Act was passed, providing statutory assistance to the region (Wright, 2001). 4. government agencies. Some of the bios below were taken from this site The official death toll was 256 people who died in the magnitude 7.8 earthquake but there are 258 names on the memorial and this unofficial number is likely to be correct - 161 in Napier On February 3, 1931, an earthquake centred near coastal Aropaoanui, 12km north of Napier, turned Hawkes Bay into a virtual war zone. 200. accurate and up to date, Napier City Council shall not be liable for any loss suffered through the use, directly or indirectly, of information on this website. Although some businesses had already re-established themselves, there was a real concern that hasty reconstruction would result in shoddy buildings and that the urgent clearing of debris might be hindered. 50 THE AUCKLAND WEEKLY NEWS. It was over in a few moments and I climbed back to the concrete. 1931 Hawke's Bay earthquake. graphics and images are protected by copyright, unless specifically notified to the contrary. While every endeavour has been taken by the Napier City Council to ensure that the information on this website is
Opened at McLean Park by the Governor General, Lord Bledisloe, the carnival's events included band contests, processions, race meetings and bowling tournaments (Campbell, 1975). Commander H. L. Morgan was informed on the Kingâs Birthday, June 3rd 1931, that he had been made a Companion of the Order of St. Michael and St. George, in recognition of his services at the Napier earthquake. In some buildings the internal floors pulled free of the swaying walls, collapsing inward in a jumble of girders, wood and plaster. Occupying the entire block between Hastings and Market Streets on the southern side of Tennyson Street, the new building was seen as "a statement of faith in Napier's future" (McGregor, 1998:40). Able-bodied men were required to stay to help with searches, demolition and clean-up work. On 4 February a planned evacuation began. Burials of the dead also began in both Napier and Hastings. In addition to these efforts, the officers and men of the NZ Naval Squadron also made a generous donation subscribing to a special relief fund in the amount of £530 (H.B. 1905, All Blacks' non-try hands Wales historic win, Home The Memorial Square structure incorporated the undamaged Women's Rest Rooms and almost surrounded the Cenotaph while, on Clive Square, the bandstand was likewise swallowed up (McGregor, 1998). Huge splits in the road appeared. In the early 'thirties the whole country was in the grip of the Depression, with many people on the East Coast of the North Island affected by falling prices for agricultural exports. Shortly after 10.45am on Tuesday the 3rd February 1931 an earthquake measuring 7.9 on the Richter scale struck the Hawke's Bay area on the east coast of the North Island of New Zealand. However, there are 258 names on the earthquake memorial in Napier. 3 February Having been impressed by a coloured fountain in Bournemouth, menswear retailer Tom Parker donated a similar one which was completed in December 1936. They acted as firemen, took part in demolition work, cooked meals for refugees, were food distributors, water carriers, tractor drivers, bullion guards, policeman, searched for the dead and carried bodies to the morgues, carried out sanitation work, and even acted as nurses in the hospitals. We mourn the passing of Mr Robinson on Xmas day 2010. Built in 1929, the two-storey bungalow that survived the 1931 Napier earthquake was left dangerously close to the edge of a large, muddy bank. Aftershocks made such efforts dangerous, and some rescuers were killed or injured as more buildings collapsed. Some of the information available in this site is from the New Zealand Public domain and supplied by relevant
Top: A view showing the cleared site of the well-known Masonic Hotel. Consequently, Napier's business district, from Tennyson Street to Dickens Street, was abandoned to the flames which, after destroying any remaining wooden structures, left the town looking like a bomb site (Wright, 2001). The warships brought much needed doctors, nurses, and medical equipment, as well as 54 stretchers, 5 marquees, 34 tents, 400 naval blankets, 125 seamen's beds, 200 ground sheets, 80 shovels and 31 picks. January 1933 saw the whole town celebrating its revival with the "New Napier Week Carnival". Energies roughly equal to the detonation of 100 million tonnes of TNT was channelled down a moving slab of landscape - a 'rupture zone' - that ran directly below Napier and southwest across the Heretaunga plains. With Napier’s hospitals badly damaged and unusable, medical authorities set up makeshift surgeries at the botanical gardens and Hastings and Napier Park racecourses. The street with the most "outstanding example of movement" was Georges Drive (ibid.). April 8, 1931. Douglas Robinson -1931 Napier Earthquake Memories. Erected by the Fletcher Construction Company, and popularly referred to as Tin Town, the extensive corrugated iron complex opened on 16 March 1931. The official death toll was 256. Fires were everywhere" (NZH 6/2/1931 quoted in Wright, 2001:77). The Borough Council set the ball rolling by dismantling the first row of its own buildings and shops in Memorial Square (Campbell, 1975). Alvin looks at old sea shells that were once underwater before being uplifted during the 1931 Napier earthquake. Applications for shops far exceeded the number available so occupants were selected by ballot (Campbell, 1975). Nevertheless, it gave me a feeling of insecurity and a peculiar sickening sensation which must be experienced to be understood. Fire broke out in Napier’s business district shortly after the earthquake, and once the reservoir was emptied, firefighters were powerless. Clouds of choking white powdery dust rose into the air from crumbled mortar and shattered concrete (McGregor, 1998; Wright, 2001). Among the buildings destroyed were Napier’s Anglican cathedral, public library and nurses’ home, where clerical staff and off-duty nurses died. When the Commissioners began the restoration of the CBD, they consulted the Napier Reconstruction Committee, an organisation with representatives from local authorities, business and the professions, whose job was to investigate numerous reconstruction needs. Administered by the Lands Department, these "were designed to overcome difficulties about boundaries of properties which [had] been moved by the earthquake" (NCC, Report of Committee of Management: p.16). But it was different for people nearby in Hastings and Napier. The morning of Tuesday, February 3rd 1931, dawned fine and bright at Napier. Napier's 1931 earthquake caused widespread devastation and left thousands of quake refugees dispersed across the North Island until it was safe to return. Water was collected from Artesian wells in Mclean Park. The first new structure to be built in the CBD was the Market Reserve Building, completed in 1931. On February 13th, 10 days later, there was a large 7.3 magnitude aftershock that contributed to the heavy damage in the region. information or material is copyright to the respective provider. With Barton acting as chief administrator and town planner and Campbell in charge of engineering works, Napier would be under their control until the election of a new Borough Council on 15 May, 1933 (Campbell, 1975; McGregor, 1998). Externally sourced
Number of people that died in napier. Together with Borough Council funds, the club contributed to the Sunbay, or seaward Colonnade, where the bell of the H.M.S. On February 3rd, 1931, Ruth McNab and the children . A communal burial of the Napier victims took place on Thursday 5 February at Park Island Cemetery near Greenmeadows (McGregor, 1998) and, on the following Sunday, a Dominion wide "Day of Mourning" was declared (Wright, 2001). Another witness, looking up Emerson Street the following morning, noted that all one could see "was a vast ruin, with people everywhere looking at the destruction. The Army also arrived reaching Napier slightly before the Navy. On the same day the army set up a tent camp for 2500 people. 3. It wasn't until that afternoon that the fires finally died out and the destruction could be assessed (McGregor, 1998). Napier City Council cannot accept any liability for its accuracy or content. In 1931 Napier and Hastings faced reconstruction after the massive earthquake. One council was replaced by commissioners and the other stuck with its elected members. - Before and After). Then, half a minute of calm and another violent shock with a downward movement, and more swaying and rocking (McGregor, 1998). Centred 15 km north of Napier, it lasted for two and a half minutes and measured magnitude 7.8 Ms (magnitude 7.9 Mw). The wind had also shifted from a westerly (off-shore) to an easterly which sent the flames roaring up Hastings Street towards the Hill (H.B. In the centre is the temporary hotel building erected on the old site. Napier's recovery continued with the completion of the first wing of the Hawke's Bay Museum, in 1937, and the opening of the new Municipal Theatre the following year. Advertisement Advertise with NZME. At 10.47am on 3 February 1931, a violent shock, followed closely by a second, rocked Hawkeâs Bay for almost three minutes. Where did the incident happen beginning with 'N' Within the Napier Borough it was noted that there was "no difficulty in the business area [and that] all new buildings [had] been erected on the proper places" (ibid.,17). Only then could the task of clearing Napier begin in earnest. The earthquake ultimately had some positive outcomes: the 2.7-m uplift drained much of Ahuriri Lagoon, making land available for farms, industry, housing and Napier Airport; and much of central Napier was rebuilt in an art deco style which would begin to attract tourists half a century later. 2. The Napier 'quake killed at least 256 people, and the city was largely destroyed first by the tremor and then by fire. As all survey plans and land titles, held in the Lands and Survey Department, and owners' duplicates, held in bank vaults, had been destroyed in the earthquake / fire, a complete resurvey of Hawke's Bay was required (McGregor, 1998). The M s 7.8 Hawke's Bay earthquake of 1931 February 3 (New Zealand local time) was felt throughout most of New Zealand andcaused extensive damage at Napier, Hastings, and throughout Hawke's Bay. This was exacerbated by summer drought conditions (McGregor, 1998). What is 161? HAWKE'S BAY EARTHQUAKE TUESDAY 03 FEBRUARY 1931 NAPIER, HAWKE'S BAY, NEW ZEALAND. Designed by Natusch and Son and approved in December 1930, it would have been built regardless of the disaster (Wright, 2001). Nine students died in the wreckage of Napier Technical College and seven at the Marist Seminary in Greenmeadows. Initially, women and children were to be sent while the men were expected to stay and help out (Shaw and Hallett, 1987). - Before and After). They were not hurt. The conditions were favourable for the spread of fire in that it was a hot, fine day following a dry spell of weather. - Before and After). In terms of loss of life (at least 256), it remains the worst civil disaster to have occurred in New Zealand. By March 1932, nineteen new shops in Hastings Street and Tennyson Street were ready for occupation. When the earthquake, measuring 7.8 on the Richter scale, struck at 10.47 a.m., many buildings in central Napier and Hastings collapsed. It remains New Zealand's deadliest natural disaster.Centred 15 km north of Napier, it lasted for two and a half minutes and measured magnitude 7.8 M s (magnitude 7.9 M w).There were 525 aftershocks recorded in the ⦠The act provided loans for companies (excepting national companies or those with head offices outside Hawke's Bay) and individuals, to assist them to rebuild. These sites show how the landscape of the region has been forever altered. All non-text content is subject to specific conditions. Bridges and railway lines were broken and bent. A tanker at sea felt a violent vibration, and the seamen on board looked to the shore to see Napier covered by a cloud of rising dust. The Earthquake. ⦠Buildings fell down and people were crushed. Portions of the information and material on this site, including data, pages, documents, online
The occurrence of "New Zealand's most destructive single disaster" (Wright, 2001) was to change everything for the city of Napier, from its topography to its architecture and lifestyle (McGregor, 1998). Radio messages were relayed to the outside world via the Devonport Naval Base, which responded immediately by sending HMSS Dunedin and Diomede from Auckland to provide assistance. The investiture to Commander Morgan was made by the Governor-General in the evening following the Auckland Regatta in January 1932. Events The setting up of emergency services was greatly assisted by seamen from HMS Veronica, moored at West Quay at the time of the earthquake. Veronica was later installed. This was exacerbated by summer drought conditions (McGregor, 1998). Meanwhile, fires started in two chemist shops on Hastings Street - those of W.R. Henderson and A. Hobson. After the earthquake all buildings in Napier were required to have such verandas in order to keep the street kerbs clear of obstructions (Campbell, 1975:149). On 17 February, a moratorium was placed on the rebuilding of any business premises until further notice, in order to allow time for the rational planning of a new CBD for Napier (McGregor, 1998). No work was too dangerous for the "bluejackets". THE NAPIER EARTHQUAKE of 1931 with photos Napier 1931 Earthquake another list of names some with notes & bios. At almost 10:47a.m. Another similar block, housing the Associated Banks, was built on the gardens adjacent to St Patrick's Church (McGregor, 1998). In Na⦠While some Napier townsfolk were sheltering in tents on the Marine Parade beach and other open spaces (Wright, 2001), the tent town in Nelson Park served as the official evacuation centre for Napier (McGregor, 1998). It was a typical summer morning in this town noted for its long hours of sunshine. Food depots were set up in Napier at Carlyle Street school; the Hastings Street school; Miss Beharrell's school on Bluff Hill; on Napier Terrace and at Ahuriri. Most of the structural damage and human casualties occurred in Napier's (and Hastings) central business district. In Napier, the 60-year-old wooden courthouse (now Department of Conservation) on Marine Parade was pressed into service as a temporary morgue (Wright, 2001). 1. EARTHQUAKE-SHATTERED NAPIER TO BE REBUILT: PHOTOGRAPHS TAKEN IN THE HAWKEâS BAY CAPITAL LAST WEEK. In terms of loss of life (at least 256), it remains the worst civil disaster to have occurred in New Zealand. 215 Hastings Street Napier 4110Private Bag 6010 Napier 4142Disclaimers | Copyright | Privacy, Napier City Council - Copyright © 2020 Napier City Council, Disclaimers and Copyright
The occurrence of "New Zealand's most destructive single disaster" (Wright, 2001) was to change everything for the city of Napier, from its topography to its architecture and lifestyle (McGregor, 1998). The noise was compared to that of 'an express train' (Wright, 2001). Archival audio: Gordon Amner recalls the 1931 Hawkes Bay earthquake. The 1931 Hawke's Bay earthquake, also known as the Napier earthquake, occurred in New Zealand at 10:47 am on Tuesday 3 February 1931, killing 256 and devastating the Hawke's Bay region.It remains New Zealand's deadliest natural disaster. Two and a half minutes after the first shock it was over. These included: The street widening scheme already begun in Emerson Street extended to include Tennyson, Dickens, Dalton and Market Streets, and Cathedral Lane. Fifteen died at an old men’s home near Taradale, where rescuers pulled a 91-year-old alive from the rubble three days later. Rescue parties, boosted by sailors and soldiers, worked desperately to reach those trapped in wrecked buildings. Starting from the morning when the quake hit, the following entries provide facts, personal memories and photos. As Napier's largest building it stood as a symbol, not only for the region's recovery from the earthquake but also from the great depression itself (Campbell, 1975; McGregor, 1998). Transcript. These cover not just the earthquake but the fires which came shortly afterwards, the aftershocks, the notable buildings destroyed, the lives lost, the rescue work and the rebuilding effortinvolved. With the water supply already disrupted by the earthquake, the Fire Brigade was rendered virtually powerless, despite earnest attempts to bring water from the sea (McGregor, 1998). Effects On The People Effects On This site is produced by the History Group of the New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage. 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